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Reason 43 of 50 · Forms, documents and procedural compliance

Passport or travel-document problems

Classified asIRPR 179(c) / documentation

YOUR FILEVISA OFFICERassesses43
Evidence weakness — fixableThis is not a statutory bar. It affects whether the officer is satisfied, and better evidence can change that.

What this actually means

The passport/travel document is expired, has insufficient validity, is not acceptable for the purpose, or the submitted copy does not include the required identity and visa/stamp pages.

Why it matters to the officer

IRPR 179 requires an acceptable passport or other document that can be used to enter the issuing country or another country. IRCC currently recommends a passport/travel document valid for at least six months from the planned travel date for visitor-visa applications.

IRPR 179 — WHAT THE OFFICER MUST BE SATISFIED OFYou applied in the correct wayYou will LEAVE by the end of your stayYou hold a valid travel documentYou are not inadmissibleMost visitor refusals turn on the second line — s. 179(b).

What the officer compares

Validity, identity page, damaged pages, name consistency, prior visas/stamps and whether the document is accepted by Canada.

THE OFFICER CROSS-CHECKSValidityidentity pagedamaged pagesname consistencyprior visas/stampswhether the document is accepted by Canada

Weak file vs strong file

The same situation, presented two ways. The right-hand column is what a reapplication needs to look like.

WHAT WEAKENS ITWHAT STRENGTHENS ITApplying with a passport about toexpire while expecting aRenew before applying whereappropriatecropped identity pageprovide clear colour copies of therequired pagesomitting old passport withrelevant travel historyexplain legal name differenceswith supporting documents

How to strengthen a reapplication

Renew before applying where appropriate; provide clear colour copies of the required pages; explain legal name differences with supporting documents.

Common mistakes

Applying with a passport about to expire while expecting a long-validity visa; cropped identity page; omitting old passport with relevant travel history.

Illustrative example

Even if the visa could technically be issued, passport validity may limit the usefulness/validity of the visa and should be planned carefully.

Before you reapply

THE ONLY SEQUENCE THAT WORKS1Read the notesFind the real reason2Fix that one thi…Not everything at on…3Prove it with do…Evidence, not claims4Then reapplyAnswering the object…

You cannot fix a reason you have not read. Your GCMS notes contain the officer's own words about your file, and requesting them is free we publish every step.

Scope note. IRCC does not publish an official ranked list of refusal reasons. This is a research-based classification of the legal grounds and evidence weaknesses that recur in real refusals. A weak itinerary or a new job is not itself a statutory ground — it affects whether the officer is satisfied under IRPR 179(b). Source references for this entry: [S1], [S4]. This page is general information, not legal advice.

Questions people ask about this refusal

The passport/travel document is expired, has insufficient validity, is not acceptable for the purpose, or the submitted copy does not include the required identity and visa/stamp pages.

IRPR 179 requires an acceptable passport or other document that can be used to enter the issuing country or another country. IRCC currently recommends a passport/travel document valid for at least six months from the planned travel date for visitor-visa applications.

Validity, identity page, damaged pages, name consistency, prior visas/stamps and whether the document is accepted by Canada.

Renew before applying where appropriate; provide clear colour copies of the required pages; explain legal name differences with supporting documents.

Applying with a passport about to expire while expecting a long-validity visa; cropped identity page; omitting old passport with relevant travel history.

No. IRCC states that refiling the same information will likely not change the decision. A reapplication has to answer the specific concern the officer recorded — which is why you should read your GCMS notes first and find out exactly what that concern was.

Not sure this is why you were refused?

Most refusals cite more than one concern, and only one of them is usually decisive. Your GCMS notes say which. Get them free, or send them to us and we will tell you exactly what to fix.

More in “Forms, documents and procedural compliance

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